G4EMDissociationCrossSection.cc

Go to the documentation of this file. Or view the newest version in sPHENIX GitHub for file G4EMDissociationCrossSection.cc

//
// ********************************************************************
// * License and Disclaimer                                           *
// *                                                                  *
// * The  Geant4 software  is  copyright of the Copyright Holders  of *
// * the Geant4 Collaboration.  It is provided  under  the terms  and *
// * conditions of the Geant4 Software License,  included in the file *
// * LICENSE and available at  http://cern.ch/geant4/license .  These *
// * include a list of copyright holders.                             *
// *                                                                  *
// * Neither the authors of this software system, nor their employing *
// * institutes,nor the agencies providing financial support for this *
// * work  make  any representation or  warranty, express or implied, *
// * regarding  this  software system or assume any liability for its *
// * use.  Please see the license in the file  LICENSE  and URL above *
// * for the full disclaimer and the limitation of liability.         *
// *                                                                  *
// * This  code  implementation is the result of  the  scientific and *
// * technical work of the GEANT4 collaboration.                      *
// *                                                                  *
// * Parts of this code which have been  developed by QinetiQ Ltd     *
// * under contract to the European Space Agency (ESA) are the        *
// * intellectual property of ESA. Rights to use, copy, modify and    *
// * redistribute this software for general public use are granted    *
// * in compliance with any licensing, distribution and development   *
// * policy adopted by the Geant4 Collaboration. This code has been   *
// * written by QinetiQ Ltd for the European Space Agency, under ESA  *
// * contract 17191/03/NL/LvH (Aurora Programme).                     *
// *                                                                  *
// * By using,  copying,  modifying or  distributing the software (or *
// * any work based  on the software)  you  agree  to acknowledge its *
// * use  in  resulting  scientific  publications,  and indicate your *
// * acceptance of all terms of the Geant4 Software license.          *
// ********************************************************************
//
// %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
//
// MODULE:    G4EMDissociationCrossSection.cc
//
// Version:   B.1
// Date:    15/04/04
// Author:    P R Truscott
// Organisation:  QinetiQ Ltd, UK
// Customer:    ESA/ESTEC, NOORDWIJK
// Contract:    17191/03/NL/LvH
//
// %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
//
// CHANGE HISTORY
// --------------
//
// 17 October 2003, P R Truscott, QinetiQ Ltd, UK
// Created.
//
// 15 March 2004, P R Truscott, QinetiQ Ltd, UK
// Beta release
//
// 30 May 2005, J.P. Wellisch removed a compilation warning on gcc 3.4 for 
//               geant4 7.1.
// 09 November 2010, V.Ivanchenko make class applicable for Hydrogen but 
//                   set cross section for Hydrogen to zero  
//
// 17 August 2011, V.Ivanchenko, provide migration to new design of cross 
//                 sections considering this cross section as element-wise
//
// %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
//
#include "G4EMDissociationCrossSection.hh"
#include "G4PhysicalConstants.hh"
#include "G4SystemOfUnits.hh"
#include "G4ParticleTable.hh"
#include "G4IonTable.hh"
#include "G4HadTmpUtil.hh"
#include "globals.hh"
#include "G4NistManager.hh"


G4EMDissociationCrossSection::G4EMDissociationCrossSection ()
 : G4VCrossSectionDataSet("Electromagnetic dissociation")
{
  // This function makes use of the class which can sample the virtual photon
  // spectrum, G4EMDissociationSpectrum.

  thePhotonSpectrum = new G4EMDissociationSpectrum();

  // Define other constants.

  r0      = 1.18 * fermi;
  J       = 36.8 * MeV;
  Qprime  = 17.0 * MeV;
  epsilon = 0.0768;
  xd      = 0.25;
}


G4EMDissociationCrossSection::~G4EMDissociationCrossSection()
{
  delete thePhotonSpectrum;
}
//
G4bool
G4EMDissociationCrossSection::IsElementApplicable(const G4DynamicParticle* part,
              G4int /*ZZ*/, const G4Material*)
{
//
// The condition for the applicability of this class is that the projectile
// must be an ion and the target must have more than one nucleon.  In reality
// the value of A for either the projectile or target could be much higher,
// since for cases where both he projectile and target are medium to small
// Z, the probability of the EMD process is, I think, VERY small.
//
  if (G4ParticleTable::GetParticleTable()->GetIonTable()->IsIon(part->GetDefinition())) {
    return true;
  } else {
    return false;
  }
}

//
G4double G4EMDissociationCrossSection::GetElementCrossSection
  (const G4DynamicParticle* theDynamicParticle, G4int Z,
   const G4Material*)
{
  // VI protection for Hydrogen
  if(1 >= Z) { return 0.0; }
     
  //
  // Get relevant information about the projectile and target (A, Z) and
  // velocity of the projectile.
  //
  const G4ParticleDefinition *definitionP = theDynamicParticle->GetDefinition();
  G4double AP   = definitionP->GetBaryonNumber();
  G4double ZP   = definitionP->GetPDGCharge();
  G4double b    = theDynamicParticle->Get4Momentum().beta();
  
  G4double AT   = G4NistManager::Instance()->GetAtomicMassAmu(Z);
  G4double ZT   = (G4double)Z;
  G4double bmin = thePhotonSpectrum->GetClosestApproach(AP, ZP, AT, ZT, b);
  //
  //
  // Calculate the cross-section for the projectile and then the target.  The
  // information is returned in a G4PhysicsFreeVector, which separates out the
  // cross-sections for the E1 and E2 moments of the virtual photon field, and
  // the energies (GDR and GQR).
  //
  G4PhysicsFreeVector *theProjectileCrossSections =
    GetCrossSectionForProjectile (AP, ZP, AT, ZT, b, bmin);
  G4double crossSection =
    (*theProjectileCrossSections)[0]+(*theProjectileCrossSections)[1];
  delete theProjectileCrossSections;
  G4PhysicsFreeVector *theTargetCrossSections =
    GetCrossSectionForTarget (AP, ZP, AT, ZT, b, bmin);
  crossSection +=
    (*theTargetCrossSections)[0]+(*theTargetCrossSections)[1];
  delete theTargetCrossSections;
  return crossSection;
}
//
G4PhysicsFreeVector *
G4EMDissociationCrossSection::GetCrossSectionForProjectile (G4double AP,
  G4double ZP, G4double /* AT */, G4double ZT, G4double b, G4double bmin)
{
//
//
// Use Wilson et al's approach to calculate the cross-sections due to the E1
// and E2 moments of the field at the giant dipole and quadrupole resonances
// respectively,  Note that the algorithm is traditionally applied to the
// EMD break-up of the projectile in the field of the target, as is implemented
// here.
//
// Initialise variables and calculate the energies for the GDR and GQR.
//
  G4double AProot3 = G4Pow::GetInstance()->powA(AP,1.0/3.0);
  G4double u       = 3.0 * J / Qprime / AProot3;
  G4double R0      = r0 * AProot3;
  G4double E_GDR  = hbarc / std::sqrt(0.7*amu_c2*R0*R0/8.0/J*
    (1.0 + u - (1.0 + epsilon + 3.0*u)/(1.0 + epsilon + u)*epsilon));
  G4double E_GQR  = 63.0 * MeV / AProot3;
//
//
// Determine the virtual photon spectra at these energies.
//
  G4double ZTsq = ZT * ZT;
  G4double nE1 = ZTsq *
    thePhotonSpectrum->GetGeneralE1Spectrum(E_GDR, b, bmin);
  G4double nE2 = ZTsq *
    thePhotonSpectrum->GetGeneralE2Spectrum(E_GQR, b, bmin);
//
//
// Now calculate the cross-section of the projectile for interaction with the
// E1 and E2 fields.
//
  G4double sE1 = 60.0 * millibarn * MeV * (AP-ZP)*ZP/AP;
  G4double sE2 = 0.22 * microbarn / MeV * ZP * AProot3 * AProot3;
  if (AP > 100.0)     sE2 *= 0.9;
  else if (AP > 40.0) sE2 *= 0.6;
  else                sE2 *= 0.3;
//
//
// ... and multiply with the intensity of the virtual photon spectra to get
// the probability of interaction.
//
  G4PhysicsFreeVector *theCrossSectionVector = new G4PhysicsFreeVector(2);
  theCrossSectionVector->PutValue(0, E_GDR, sE1*nE1);
  theCrossSectionVector->PutValue(1, E_GQR, sE2*nE2*E_GQR*E_GQR);

  return theCrossSectionVector;
}

//
G4PhysicsFreeVector *
G4EMDissociationCrossSection::GetCrossSectionForTarget (G4double AP,
  G4double ZP, G4double AT, G4double ZT, G4double b, G4double bmin)
{
//
// This is a cheaky little member function to calculate the probability of
// EMD for the target in the field of the projectile ... just by reversing the
// A and Z's for the participants.
//
  return GetCrossSectionForProjectile (AT, ZT, AP, ZP, b, bmin);
}

//
G4double
G4EMDissociationCrossSection::GetWilsonProbabilityForProtonDissociation(G4double A,
                                                                        G4double Z)
{
//
// This is a simple algorithm to choose whether a proton or neutron is ejected
// from the nucleus in the EMD interaction.
//
  G4double p = 0.0;
  if (Z < 6.0)
    p = 0.5;
  else if (Z < 8.0)
    p = 0.6;
  else if (Z < 14.0)
    p = 0.7;
  else
  {
    G4double p1 = (G4double) Z / (G4double) A;
    G4double p2 = 1.95*G4Exp(-0.075*Z);
    if (p1 < p2) p = p1;
    else         p = p2;
  }

  return p;
}