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LXeDetectorConstruction.cc
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31 #include "LXeDetectorConstruction.hh"
32 #include "LXePMTSD.hh"
33 #include "LXeScintSD.hh"
34 #include "LXeDetectorMessenger.hh"
35 #include "LXeMainVolume.hh"
36 #include "LXeWLSSlab.hh"
37 
38 #include "G4SDManager.hh"
39 #include "G4RunManager.hh"
40 
41 #include "G4GeometryManager.hh"
42 #include "G4SolidStore.hh"
43 #include "G4LogicalVolumeStore.hh"
44 #include "G4PhysicalVolumeStore.hh"
45 #include "G4LogicalBorderSurface.hh"
46 #include "G4LogicalSkinSurface.hh"
47 
48 #include "G4OpticalSurface.hh"
49 #include "G4MaterialTable.hh"
50 #include "G4VisAttributes.hh"
51 #include "G4Material.hh"
52 #include "G4Box.hh"
53 #include "G4Tubs.hh"
54 #include "G4Sphere.hh"
55 #include "G4LogicalVolume.hh"
56 #include "G4ThreeVector.hh"
57 #include "G4PVPlacement.hh"
58 #include "globals.hh"
59 #include "G4UImanager.hh"
60 #include "G4PhysicalConstants.hh"
61 #include "G4SystemOfUnits.hh"
62 
63 G4bool LXeDetectorConstruction::fSphereOn = true;
64 
65 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
66 
67 LXeDetectorConstruction::LXeDetectorConstruction()
68 : fLXe_mt(nullptr), fMPTPStyrene(nullptr)
69 {
70  fExperimentalHall_box = nullptr;
71  fExperimentalHall_log = nullptr;
72  fExperimentalHall_phys = nullptr;
73 
74  fLXe = fAl = fAir = fVacuum = fGlass = nullptr;
75  fPstyrene = fPMMA = fPethylene1 = fPethylene2 = nullptr;
76 
77  fN = fO = fC = fH = nullptr;
78 
79  fSaveThreshold = 0;
80  SetDefaults();
81 
82  DefineMaterials();
83  fDetectorMessenger = new LXeDetectorMessenger(this);
84 }
85 
86 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
87 
88 LXeDetectorConstruction::~LXeDetectorConstruction() {}
89 
90 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
91 
92 void LXeDetectorConstruction::DefineMaterials(){
93  G4double a; // atomic mass
94  G4double z; // atomic number
95  G4double density;
96 
97  G4int polyPMMA = 1;
98  G4int nC_PMMA = 3+2*polyPMMA;
99  G4int nH_PMMA = 6+2*polyPMMA;
100 
101  G4int polyeth = 1;
102  G4int nC_eth = 2*polyeth;
103  G4int nH_eth = 4*polyeth;
104 
105  //***Elements
106  fH = new G4Element("H", "H", z=1., a=1.01*g/mole);
107  fC = new G4Element("C", "C", z=6., a=12.01*g/mole);
108  fN = new G4Element("N", "N", z=7., a= 14.01*g/mole);
109  fO = new G4Element("O" , "O", z=8., a= 16.00*g/mole);
110 
111  //***Materials
112  //Liquid Xenon
113  fLXe = new G4Material("LXe",z=54.,a=131.29*g/mole,density=3.020*g/cm3);
114  //Aluminum
115  fAl = new G4Material("Al",z=13.,a=26.98*g/mole,density=2.7*g/cm3);
116  //Vacuum
117  fVacuum = new G4Material("Vacuum",z=1.,a=1.01*g/mole,
118  density=universe_mean_density,kStateGas,0.1*kelvin,
119  1.e-19*pascal);
120  //Air
121  fAir = new G4Material("Air", density= 1.29*mg/cm3, 2);
122  fAir->AddElement(fN, 70*perCent);
123  fAir->AddElement(fO, 30*perCent);
124  //Glass
125  fGlass = new G4Material("Glass", density=1.032*g/cm3,2);
126  fGlass->AddElement(fC,91.533*perCent);
127  fGlass->AddElement(fH,8.467*perCent);
128  //Polystyrene
129  fPstyrene = new G4Material("Polystyrene", density= 1.03*g/cm3, 2);
130  fPstyrene->AddElement(fC, 8);
131  fPstyrene->AddElement(fH, 8);
132  //Fiber(PMMA)
133  fPMMA = new G4Material("PMMA", density=1190*kg/m3,3);
134  fPMMA->AddElement(fH,nH_PMMA);
135  fPMMA->AddElement(fC,nC_PMMA);
136  fPMMA->AddElement(fO,2);
137  //Cladding(polyethylene)
138  fPethylene1 = new G4Material("Pethylene1", density=1200*kg/m3,2);
139  fPethylene1->AddElement(fH,nH_eth);
140  fPethylene1->AddElement(fC,nC_eth);
141  //Double cladding(flourinated polyethylene)
142  fPethylene2 = new G4Material("Pethylene2", density=1400*kg/m3,2);
143  fPethylene2->AddElement(fH,nH_eth);
144  fPethylene2->AddElement(fC,nC_eth);
145 
146  //***Material properties tables
147 
148  G4double lxe_Energy[] = { 7.0*eV , 7.07*eV, 7.14*eV };
149  const G4int lxenum = sizeof(lxe_Energy)/sizeof(G4double);
150 
151  G4double lxe_SCINT[] = { 0.1, 1.0, 0.1 };
152  assert(sizeof(lxe_SCINT) == sizeof(lxe_Energy));
153  G4double lxe_RIND[] = { 1.59 , 1.57, 1.54 };
154  assert(sizeof(lxe_RIND) == sizeof(lxe_Energy));
155  G4double lxe_ABSL[] = { 35.*cm, 35.*cm, 35.*cm};
156  assert(sizeof(lxe_ABSL) == sizeof(lxe_Energy));
157  fLXe_mt = new G4MaterialPropertiesTable();
158  fLXe_mt->AddProperty("FASTCOMPONENT", lxe_Energy, lxe_SCINT, lxenum);
159  fLXe_mt->AddProperty("SLOWCOMPONENT", lxe_Energy, lxe_SCINT, lxenum);
160  fLXe_mt->AddProperty("RINDEX", lxe_Energy, lxe_RIND, lxenum);
161  fLXe_mt->AddProperty("ABSLENGTH", lxe_Energy, lxe_ABSL, lxenum);
162  fLXe_mt->AddConstProperty("SCINTILLATIONYIELD",12000./MeV);
163  fLXe_mt->AddConstProperty("RESOLUTIONSCALE",1.0);
164  fLXe_mt->AddConstProperty("FASTTIMECONSTANT",20.*ns);
165  fLXe_mt->AddConstProperty("SLOWTIMECONSTANT",45.*ns);
166  fLXe_mt->AddConstProperty("YIELDRATIO",1.0);
167  fLXe->SetMaterialPropertiesTable(fLXe_mt);
168 
169  // Set the Birks Constant for the LXe scintillator
170 
171  fLXe->GetIonisation()->SetBirksConstant(0.126*mm/MeV);
172 
173  G4double glass_RIND[]={1.49,1.49,1.49};
174  assert(sizeof(glass_RIND) == sizeof(lxe_Energy));
175  G4double glass_AbsLength[]={420.*cm,420.*cm,420.*cm};
176  assert(sizeof(glass_AbsLength) == sizeof(lxe_Energy));
177  G4MaterialPropertiesTable *glass_mt = new G4MaterialPropertiesTable();
178  glass_mt->AddProperty("ABSLENGTH",lxe_Energy,glass_AbsLength,lxenum);
179  glass_mt->AddProperty("RINDEX",lxe_Energy,glass_RIND,lxenum);
180  fGlass->SetMaterialPropertiesTable(glass_mt);
181 
182  G4double vacuum_Energy[]={2.0*eV,7.0*eV,7.14*eV};
183  const G4int vacnum = sizeof(vacuum_Energy)/sizeof(G4double);
184  G4double vacuum_RIND[]={1.,1.,1.};
185  assert(sizeof(vacuum_RIND) == sizeof(vacuum_Energy));
186  G4MaterialPropertiesTable *vacuum_mt = new G4MaterialPropertiesTable();
187  vacuum_mt->AddProperty("RINDEX", vacuum_Energy, vacuum_RIND,vacnum);
188  fVacuum->SetMaterialPropertiesTable(vacuum_mt);
189  fAir->SetMaterialPropertiesTable(vacuum_mt);//Give air the same rindex
190 
191  G4double wls_Energy[] = {2.00*eV,2.87*eV,2.90*eV,3.47*eV};
192  const G4int wlsnum = sizeof(wls_Energy)/sizeof(G4double);
193 
194  G4double rIndexPstyrene[]={ 1.5, 1.5, 1.5, 1.5};
195  assert(sizeof(rIndexPstyrene) == sizeof(wls_Energy));
196  G4double absorption1[]={2.*cm, 2.*cm, 2.*cm, 2.*cm};
197  assert(sizeof(absorption1) == sizeof(wls_Energy));
198  G4double scintilFast[]={0.00, 0.00, 1.00, 1.00};
199  assert(sizeof(scintilFast) == sizeof(wls_Energy));
200  fMPTPStyrene = new G4MaterialPropertiesTable();
201  fMPTPStyrene->AddProperty("RINDEX",wls_Energy,rIndexPstyrene,wlsnum);
202  fMPTPStyrene->AddProperty("ABSLENGTH",wls_Energy,absorption1,wlsnum);
203  fMPTPStyrene->AddProperty("FASTCOMPONENT",wls_Energy, scintilFast,wlsnum);
204  fMPTPStyrene->AddConstProperty("SCINTILLATIONYIELD",10./keV);
205  fMPTPStyrene->AddConstProperty("RESOLUTIONSCALE",1.0);
206  fMPTPStyrene->AddConstProperty("FASTTIMECONSTANT", 10.*ns);
207  fPstyrene->SetMaterialPropertiesTable(fMPTPStyrene);
208 
209  // Set the Birks Constant for the Polystyrene scintillator
210 
211  fPstyrene->GetIonisation()->SetBirksConstant(0.126*mm/MeV);
212 
213  G4double RefractiveIndexFiber[]={ 1.60, 1.60, 1.60, 1.60};
214  assert(sizeof(RefractiveIndexFiber) == sizeof(wls_Energy));
215  G4double AbsFiber[]={9.00*m,9.00*m,0.1*mm,0.1*mm};
216  assert(sizeof(AbsFiber) == sizeof(wls_Energy));
217  G4double EmissionFib[]={1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0};
218  assert(sizeof(EmissionFib) == sizeof(wls_Energy));
219  G4MaterialPropertiesTable* fiberProperty = new G4MaterialPropertiesTable();
220  fiberProperty->AddProperty("RINDEX",wls_Energy,RefractiveIndexFiber,wlsnum);
221  fiberProperty->AddProperty("WLSABSLENGTH",wls_Energy,AbsFiber,wlsnum);
222  fiberProperty->AddProperty("WLSCOMPONENT",wls_Energy,EmissionFib,wlsnum);
223  fiberProperty->AddConstProperty("WLSTIMECONSTANT", 0.5*ns);
224  fPMMA->SetMaterialPropertiesTable(fiberProperty);
225 
226  G4double RefractiveIndexClad1[]={ 1.49, 1.49, 1.49, 1.49};
227  assert(sizeof(RefractiveIndexClad1) == sizeof(wls_Energy));
228  G4MaterialPropertiesTable* clad1Property = new G4MaterialPropertiesTable();
229  clad1Property->AddProperty("RINDEX",wls_Energy,RefractiveIndexClad1,wlsnum);
230  clad1Property->AddProperty("ABSLENGTH",wls_Energy,AbsFiber,wlsnum);
231  fPethylene1->SetMaterialPropertiesTable(clad1Property);
232 
233  G4double RefractiveIndexClad2[]={ 1.42, 1.42, 1.42, 1.42};
234  assert(sizeof(RefractiveIndexClad2) == sizeof(wls_Energy));
235  G4MaterialPropertiesTable* clad2Property = new G4MaterialPropertiesTable();
236  clad2Property->AddProperty("RINDEX",wls_Energy,RefractiveIndexClad2,wlsnum);
237  clad2Property->AddProperty("ABSLENGTH",wls_Energy,AbsFiber,wlsnum);
238  fPethylene2->SetMaterialPropertiesTable(clad2Property);
239 }
240 
241 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
242 
243 G4VPhysicalVolume* LXeDetectorConstruction::Construct(){
244 
245  //The experimental hall walls are all 1m away from housing walls
246  G4double expHall_x = fScint_x+fD_mtl+1.*m;
247  G4double expHall_y = fScint_y+fD_mtl+1.*m;
248  G4double expHall_z = fScint_z+fD_mtl+1.*m;
249 
250  //Create experimental hall
251  fExperimentalHall_box
252  = new G4Box("expHall_box",expHall_x,expHall_y,expHall_z);
253  fExperimentalHall_log = new G4LogicalVolume(fExperimentalHall_box,
254  fVacuum,"expHall_log",0,0,0);
255  fExperimentalHall_phys = new G4PVPlacement(0,G4ThreeVector(),
256  fExperimentalHall_log,"expHall",0,false,0);
257 
258  fExperimentalHall_log->SetVisAttributes(G4VisAttributes::GetInvisible());
259 
260  //Place the main volume
261  if(fMainVolumeOn){
262  fMainVolume
263  = new LXeMainVolume(0,G4ThreeVector(),fExperimentalHall_log,false,0,this);
264  }
265 
266  //Place the WLS slab
267  if(fWLSslab){
268  G4VPhysicalVolume* slab = new LXeWLSSlab(0,G4ThreeVector(0.,0.,
269  -fScint_z/2.-fSlab_z-1.*cm),
270  fExperimentalHall_log,false,0,
271  this);
272 
273  //Surface properties for the WLS slab
274  G4OpticalSurface* scintWrap = new G4OpticalSurface("ScintWrap");
275 
276  new G4LogicalBorderSurface("ScintWrap", slab,
277  fExperimentalHall_phys,
278  scintWrap);
279 
280  scintWrap->SetType(dielectric_metal);
281  scintWrap->SetFinish(polished);
282  scintWrap->SetModel(glisur);
283 
284  G4double pp[] = {2.0*eV, 3.5*eV};
285  const G4int num = sizeof(pp)/sizeof(G4double);
286  G4double reflectivity[] = {1., 1.};
287  assert(sizeof(reflectivity) == sizeof(pp));
288  G4double efficiency[] = {0.0, 0.0};
289  assert(sizeof(efficiency) == sizeof(pp));
290 
291  G4MaterialPropertiesTable* scintWrapProperty
292  = new G4MaterialPropertiesTable();
293 
294  scintWrapProperty->AddProperty("REFLECTIVITY",pp,reflectivity,num);
295  scintWrapProperty->AddProperty("EFFICIENCY",pp,efficiency,num);
296  scintWrap->SetMaterialPropertiesTable(scintWrapProperty);
297  }
298 
299  return fExperimentalHall_phys;
300 }
301 
302 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
303 
304 void LXeDetectorConstruction::ConstructSDandField() {
305 
306  if (!fMainVolume) return;
307 
308  // PMT SD
309 
310  LXePMTSD* pmt = fPmt_SD.Get();
311  if (!pmt) {
312  //Created here so it exists as pmts are being placed
313  G4cout << "Construction /LXeDet/pmtSD" << G4endl;
314  LXePMTSD* pmt_SD = new LXePMTSD("/LXeDet/pmtSD");
315  fPmt_SD.Put(pmt_SD);
316 
317  pmt_SD->InitPMTs();
318  pmt_SD->SetPmtPositions(fMainVolume->GetPmtPositions());
319  }
320  else {
321  pmt->InitPMTs();
322  pmt->SetPmtPositions(fMainVolume->GetPmtPositions());
323  }
324  G4SDManager::GetSDMpointer()->AddNewDetector(fPmt_SD.Get());
325  //sensitive detector is not actually on the photocathode.
326  //processHits gets done manually by the stepping action.
327  //It is used to detect when photons hit and get absorbed&detected at the
328  //boundary to the photocathode (which doesnt get done by attaching it to a
329  //logical volume.
330  //It does however need to be attached to something or else it doesnt get
331  //reset at the begining of events
332 
333  SetSensitiveDetector(fMainVolume->GetLogPhotoCath(), fPmt_SD.Get());
334 
335  // Scint SD
336 
337  if (!fScint_SD.Get()) {
338  G4cout << "Construction /LXeDet/scintSD" << G4endl;
339  LXeScintSD* scint_SD = new LXeScintSD("/LXeDet/scintSD");
340  fScint_SD.Put(scint_SD);
341  }
342  G4SDManager::GetSDMpointer()->AddNewDetector(fScint_SD.Get());
343  SetSensitiveDetector(fMainVolume->GetLogScint(), fScint_SD.Get());
344 }
345 
346 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
347 
348 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetDimensions(G4ThreeVector dims) {
349  fScint_x=dims[0];
350  fScint_y=dims[1];
351  fScint_z=dims[2];
352  G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->ReinitializeGeometry();
353 }
354 
355 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
356 
357 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetHousingThickness(G4double d_mtl) {
358  fD_mtl=d_mtl;
359  G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->ReinitializeGeometry();
360 }
361 
362 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
363 
364 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetNX(G4int nx) {
365  fNx=nx;
366  G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->ReinitializeGeometry();
367 }
368 
369 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
370 
371 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetNY(G4int ny) {
372  fNy=ny;
373  G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->ReinitializeGeometry();
374 }
375 
376 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
377 
378 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetNZ(G4int nz) {
379  fNz=nz;
380  G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->ReinitializeGeometry();
381 }
382 
383 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
384 
385 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetPMTRadius(G4double outerRadius_pmt) {
386  fOuterRadius_pmt=outerRadius_pmt;
387  G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->ReinitializeGeometry();
388 }
389 
390 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
391 
392 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetDefaults() {
393 
394  //Resets to default values
395  fD_mtl=0.0635*cm;
396 
397  fScint_x = 17.8*cm;
398  fScint_y = 17.8*cm;
399  fScint_z = 22.6*cm;
400 
401  fNx = 2;
402  fNy = 2;
403  fNz = 3;
404 
405  fOuterRadius_pmt = 2.3*cm;
406 
407  fSphereOn = true;
408  fRefl = 1.0;
409 
410  fNfibers = 15;
411  fWLSslab = false;
412  fMainVolumeOn = true;
413  fMainVolume = nullptr;
414  fSlab_z = 2.5*mm;
415 
416  G4UImanager::GetUIpointer()
417  ->ApplyCommand("/LXe/detector/scintYieldFactor 1.");
418 
419  if(fLXe_mt)fLXe_mt->AddConstProperty("SCINTILLATIONYIELD",12000./MeV);
420  if(fMPTPStyrene)fMPTPStyrene->AddConstProperty("SCINTILLATIONYIELD",10./keV);
421 
422 }
423 
424 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
425 
426 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetSphereOn(G4bool b) {
427  fSphereOn=b;
428  G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->ReinitializeGeometry();
429 }
430 
431 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
432 
433 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetHousingReflectivity(G4double r) {
434  fRefl=r;
435  G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->ReinitializeGeometry();
436 }
437 
438 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
439 
440 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetWLSSlabOn(G4bool b) {
441  fWLSslab=b;
442  G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->ReinitializeGeometry();
443 }
444 
445 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
446 
447 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetMainVolumeOn(G4bool b) {
448  fMainVolumeOn=b;
449  G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->ReinitializeGeometry();
450 }
451 
452 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
453 
454 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetNFibers(G4int n) {
455  fNfibers=n;
456  G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->ReinitializeGeometry();
457 }
458 
459 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
460 
461 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetMainScintYield(G4double y) {
462  fLXe_mt->AddConstProperty("SCINTILLATIONYIELD",y/MeV);
463 }
464 
465 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
466 
467 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetWLSScintYield(G4double y) {
468  fMPTPStyrene->AddConstProperty("SCINTILLATIONYIELD",y/MeV);
469 }
470 
471 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
472 
473 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetSaveThreshold(G4int save){
474 /*Sets the save threshold for the random number seed. If the number of photons
475 generated in an event is lower than this, then save the seed for this event
476 in a file called run###evt###.rndm
477 */
478  fSaveThreshold=save;
479  G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->SetRandomNumberStore(true);
480 }
481 
482 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......